The Binder Practices of Lading: a Complete Guide for the Student of Machines

The period of prápractices on board is one of the moments más determinants in the formation’re of any future official máquinas.It is a period of vital importance where the student must take advantage of every guard to develop skills tétechniques and operational difíeasily can be purchased in the classroom.

The cuaderno de prápractices of lading it is the tool that structure this learning: a record sistemático of the tasks performed, parám observed and procedures followed, which credits to the institution’re training experience on board and it serves as guíto the student to not leave any área crítica without cover.

This guícollects the content estástandard notebooks of lading used in the programs of training’n nátherapeutic-fishing and merchant marine, aligned with the competency requirements of the STCW convention (Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping). Supplementing what has already been published in 10 Tips for the New Marine.

1. How to Use the Boarding Practice Booklet or Onboard Training Book?

This guía is for guidance and está dise&bathrooms;ada to improve the familiarizaci’n y adaptaci’re from the student to the ship from the first día of shipment.

The general procedure is as follows:

Once on board, the student dutyá getting to know the ship and complete the data tétechnical issues collected in the section of the ship. Here’re runningá the priority tasks of familiarizaci’n & safety, which need to be addressed in the first 24-48 hours of shipment without exception’re.

To each task is to scoreá date of execution’re and a brief comment on its developmentis&bathrooms;noting difficulties encountered, procedures and aspects of interés observed.

The tasks that cannot be performed by not correspond to the type of vessel assigned to quitán in white and will indicateá the reason. Once completedthe notebook we deliverá a tutor and / or teacher responsible in the format set by the training centre.

2. Student Data for Marine Engineering

The notebook should include the data identifying’re student:

• Date of birth and ID number.
• N&number;mere Book Marílatest.
• Home.
• Subjects approved and dates of superaci’re.
• Courses académicos made.
• Special courses and certificates obtained (STCW, básico safety, fire fighting, first aid, etc..)

3. Technical Data of the Ship

One of the first exercise prápractical purposes student it is the compilation’n of the data tétechnical issues of the ship. This work forces you to revisar the general plans, the record of the ship and manuals máquinas, and contributes directly to the familiarizaci’re with the assigned team.

Identification’re

• Name of the ship, numeral call and n&number;mere MMSI.
• Matrícula and folio.

Character’Main features

• Type of vessel and clasificaci’re.
• Displacement in the thread.
• Tonnage Gross tonnage (GRT).
• Length between perpendiculars, manga and strut.

Capabilities

• Fuel, oil and drinking water.
• Distilled water and ballast tanks.

Propulsi’re

• Type of the engine, n&number;number of cylinders, and nominal power.
• Speed of service and consumption específico (km/h).
• Type of fuel and shutter horn.

Survival equipment and Safety

• N&number;number of lifeboats and capacity by boat.
• Capacity of the life rafts.

Cover equipment and Government

• Winches and gr&number;ace: n&number;grouper and capacity.
• Servomotor, tim’n and diámetro wick.
• Pinwheel: tracci’n, speed and weight. Anchors and diámetro chain.

Ancillary Services

• Air compressors: n&number;mere, type and capacity of bottles.
• Generators auxiliary: n&number;mere, type and power.

4. Priority tasks of Familiarizaci’n & Safety

These tasks need to be run in each vessel, in the first hours after the shipment. Are not optional, nor postergables: your fulfillment is a bound’re of safety set by the SINGLE and the procedures of the System Environm’re Security (SMS) the compa&bathrooms;ía.

1. Carefully read the Safety Manual and the Manual Training’n de la compa&bathrooms;ía. Review the plans of anti-fire.
2. Read the manuals of survival of the ship.
3. Identify it&bathrooms;ales of emergency and meet the assigned missions in the Box Obligations and Slogans for the cases of fire, emergency and general abandonment of the ship.
4. Locate, verify, and adjust the vest to be assigned.
5. Locate the survival equipment and become familiar with its operation’re.
6. To know the procedure to follow in case of Man overboard.
7. Identify the lifeboat assigned.
8. Locate the point of reuni’n of Abandonment and Fire.

5. Familiarizaci’s a General with the Cámara of Máquinas

Once covered the tasks of immediate safety, the student must become familiar with the room of máquinas as the working space:

1. Recognize the distribution’n general de la cámara of máquinas, and the routes and emergency exits.
2. Locate the equipment, fire extinguishers, hoses, equipment of fireman and apparatus of breath’n aut’noma.
3. Identify the different types of alarms of the cámara of máquinas, and know the protocol of actuaci’re in each case.
4. Familiarize yourself with the fixed systems of extinci’re fire and your trigger points.
5. To know the procedures of transfer of control of Bridge to Máquinas, variaci’re rémoan and emergency stop.
6. Review the available’n system of government. Participate in the mandatory pre-departure and in the shift to emergency government.
7. Locate and operate the drive system of doors and hatches watertight.
8. Operation of the emergency fire pump and verify its operation.
9. Locate the generator and the baterías emergency. Participate in their testing peri’dicas boot automático, and manual.
10. Inspect and start the engine of the lifeboat assigned.
11. To locate the emergency stop of fans, pumps transfer and váadjustment closing rápido fuel oil.
12. Familiarize yourself with the system bilge pump bilgein normal mode and emergency, including cofferdams.

6. Tasks of Operation’re and Monitoring’re

6.1 Main Engine

The main engine is the n&number;cleo the room of máquinas, and the máquina that greater attention’re required for the guards. The student must:

1. Participate in the preparation’n of the engine to its implementation: comprobaci’n of the control box and alarm, detector oil mist in cárter (OMD)systems boot neumático, and váadjustment of security.
2. Check that tools and spare parts están properly stowed and secured.
3. Operate the controls of the main engine in response to the ’command bridge and adjust the régroan-up.
4. Register the parámeters operating in the journal of máquinas.
5. Practice changing between manual mode and autoático, and between local and remote control.
6. Run the change of fuel gas’leo (C) fuel oil (FO) by passing manoeuvre on the rémoan of the sea, and vice versa.
7. Assist in decision diagrams open and closed and in the cálculos derivatives.
8. Take samples of water, oil and fuel and to participate in its análysis.
9. Perform guards of máquinas safe, by following the procedures in the SMS.

6.2 Generators and Systems Eléctricos

1. Participate in the preparation’n, commissioning, sincronizaci’n, link’s bar and load distribution of the generators auxiliary.
2. Recognize the parámeters normal operation of generators, and auxiliary engines.
3. Participate in the desconexi’n and stop of the group electr’geno.
4. To know the sequence of reducci’re charging box, theéelectrical and distinguish the essential services of the non-essential.

6.3 Boiler Auxiliary

1. Participate in the implementation of the auxiliary boiler: review’n pre, on and commissioning.
2. Perform routine checks: water levels, pressure’n and temperature of fuel, quality of the combusti’re.
3. To run the purge and verify the correct operation of the level indicators.
4. Participate in the testing of security systems and emergency boiler.
5. To take samples of the water of the boiler, perform the análysis relevant and participate in the treatment químico. See alsoén: Vessels, Pressure’re and Heat Exchangers.

6.4 Compressed-Air System

1. To prepare, start and stop air compressors.
2. Identify váadjustment of safety, rupture discs and caps fuse in the circuit of production’re, storage and distribution’re.
3. To verify the correct operation of the purges automáticas, and the quality of the air supplied.

6.5 System Refrigeraci’re and Air Conditioning

1. Prepare, operate, and shutdown the equipment of refrigeraci’re and climate following the correct procedures.
2. Observe and record the parámeters operating in the journal of máquinas.
3. Collaborate in the my’n of the systems of protection’re and safety of the plant frigorífica.

6.6 Production’re-Fresh Water and Drinking

1. To prepare, start and stop equipment, video production’re fresh water: generator evaporator-condenser and/or system ’smosis reverse.
2. Make análysis in distilled water, and drinking and participate in your treatment.

6.7 Prevenci’n de la Contaminaci’re

• Know the restrictions of discharge of oily water s&number;n the areas of shipping will’re-established by MARPOL 73/78.
• Perform the bilge pump bilge to través of the separator oily water and verify the operation of the system automático de surveillance (15 ppm monitor).
• Participate in the operation’re incinerator waste.

6.8 Fuel System

1. Wandering fuel tanks almacén tanks decantaci’n, according to the safety standards, the requirements of MARPOL and the stability of the ship.
2. To prepare, start and stop the treatment team of fuel (separator centríleakage).
3. Run the change from tank daily intake with the purged correct.
4. Participate in operations of supply of fuel (bunker), taking samples and calculating quantities. See: Bunker Survey.

6.9 Alarm Systems and Control

• Practice changing between manual mode and autoático in the control loops, the variaci’re in slogans and routine checks.
• Make checks peri’dicas into the overall picture of alarms.

7. Maintenance and Repair’re

The preventive and corrective maintenance is an essential part of the management’re in the room of máquinas. The student must become familiar with the maintenance plan of the ship and actively participate in the planned interventions.

7.1 Main Engine

1. Assist in the cleaning of turbosoplantes and air coolers.
2. Mesh the toner, record operation’re in the daily and adopting all the appropriate security measures before you turn the engine.
3. Perform, under supervision’n, inspections of the cárter and the train alternative.
4. Assist in the measurement and registration of the flexions of the cigüe&bathrooms;al.
5. Participate in the dismantling, inspection’n, a measure of huelgos, repair’n and mounting of injectors, váadjustment of aspiraci’re and exhaust, and váadjustment of security and boot.
6. Assist in the dismantling, calibration, and installation of pistons, segments, main bearings and bearings of head and foot of the connecting rod.
7. Check the status of tighten shoulder straps and bolts of the stand.
8. Inspect the manifolds and sweep to escape and inform about your state: clean, váadjustment, purges, isolation and system fijaci’re.

7.2 Generation’re and Distribution’n Eléctrica

1. To disconnect, isolate and prepare teamséctricos for maintenance, recording operation’re.
2. Verify the systems of desconexi’re and protection’re in boxes starters.
3. Perform isolation measures and implement procedures for keystone’re.
4. Detect, locate and correct referrals to earth.

7.3 Boiler Auxiliary

1. Perform, under supervision’re, inspection’n internal and external to the boiler.
2. Preparing the boiler for inspection’n or repair’n: isolation, draining and opening.
3. Inspect the level indicator and verify that connections, faucets, and váadjustment no están sealed.
4. Participate in the dismantling, inspection’n, assembly, test and tare váadjustment of safety and comfortable power’re.
5. Make análysis of the water of the boiler and system.

7.4 Compressed-Air System

1. To perform maintenance tasks on filters and dryers air system controls.
2. Disassemble, inspect, assemble and test compressors.

7.5 Systems of Refrigeraci’re and Air Conditioning

1. Charge refrigerant to the system by following the safety procedures applicable.
2. To diagnose the presence of gases incondensables and proceed to its elimination’re by purging.
3. Change filters, dehydrators and service elements.
4. Assist in the cleaning of evaporators and condensers.
5. Disassemble, inspect, repair and assemble a compressor frigorífico.
6. Inspect cámaras frigorídatasheets and verify the correct provision’n of the stored products.

7.6 Service Doméforecasts

1. Participate in the routine maintenance of the separator bilge.
2. Participate in the maintenance of the incinerator plant.
3. Assist in the maintenance of the plant wastewater treatment.
4. Inspect the tanks fresh water according to the safety standards in confined spaces and to collaborate in its maintenance.

7.7 Planning’re in the Maintenance and Control of spare Parts

1. Familiarize yourself with the system planning’re in the maintenance of the ship (PMS).
2. Check the correct storage, amount and state of repair parts.

7.8 Equipment Cover

1. Assist in the maintenance of windlass, winches, gr&number;ace and hatches.

7.9 Alarm Systems and Control

1. To make adjustments, and routine maintenance of the systems of the central alarm by following the instructions.
2. Replace sensors, calibrate and adjust systems indicaci’n & alarms.

7.10 Safety Equipment and Fire

1. Assist in the inspection’n and test the equipment of detecci’n fire.
2. Participate in systems testing tue’nomos of extinci’n: the use of water sprays, CO&#drivers 8322;, Arg’re, foam and nebulizaci’re.
3. Check the charging status of fire extinguishers portátiles (CO&#drivers 8322;, dry powder, foam) and to participate in recharge.

7.11 Communications Marífinal

1. Make oral presentations about the tasks of máquinas in Englishés.
2. Perform written communications in Englishés along the terminología phrases estástandard communication’n maríshore (SMCP).

7.12 Safety of Human Life

1. Organize and manage the first-aidín on-board.
2. Provide first aid and administer care méboth the báphysical.
3. Know and apply the rules of security and protection’re the vessel to ensure the safety of human life in the sea.

7.13 Other Equipment

1. Assist in the dismantling, inspection’re, repair’n and test of a pump, centríescape.
2. Disassemble, clean and inspect a heat exchanger.

8. Tips to Make the Máximo Party to the Period of Prápractices

Always carries a notebook personal annotations tétechniques además official. Notes parám real, averías observed and solutions applied: this material to beá much más valuable than any point of the classroom.

Asks to the officers and mecánicos to explain the whyé every operation’renot only does the c’mo. Question, notes and compare what you see on-board with what you have studied.

Remember that the prápractices are alsoén the opportunity to build your first professional network in the sector. The head of máquinas you form today you can be who you are to recommend ma&bathrooms;ana.

Bibliografía

Based on the estástandards of competence in the STCW Convention and models of notebook prápractices common in the programs of training’n náutica merchant marine espa&bathrooms;ola.